由于pdo
查询是阻塞的,我想着把pdo
查询改成异步查询减少接口请求时间,然后在本地用单进程分别试了下 pdo
跟 amphp/mysql
,多次查询时,异步查询确实将接口请求时间显著减少,但是上wrk
压测多次查询数据库时,amp
却卡死了~
控制器代码:
<?php
namespace app\admin\controller\system;
use app\bootstrap\AmpMysqlDb;
use support\basic\controller\BaseController;
use support\basic\db\AsyncQuery;
use support\Db;
use support\Request;
use function Amp\async;
use function Amp\Future\await;
class IndexController extends BaseController
{
// pdo单次查询
public function simplePDO()
{
return Db::table('system_users')->find(random_int(1, 499500));
}
// amp单次查询
public function simpleAsync()
{
$pool = AmpMysqlDb::getPool();
$statement = $pool->prepare('SELECT * FROM wa_system_users WHERE id = :id');
return $statement->execute(['id' => random_int(1, 499500)])->fetchRow();
}
//pdo查询
public function multiPDO(int $frequency = 10): array
{
$users = [];
for ($i = 0; $i < $frequency; $i++) {
$users[] = Db::table('system_users')->find(random_int(1, 499500));
}
return $users;
}
//异步查询
public function multiAsync(): array
{
$futures = [];
for ($i = 0; $i < 10; $i++) {
$futures[] = async(function () {
$sql = 'SELECT * FROM wa_system_users WHERE id = :id';
return AsyncQuery::raw($sql, ['id' => random_int(1, 499500)]);
});
}
$data = await($futures);
$result = [];
foreach ($data as $datum) {
$result[] = $datum->fetchRow();
}
return $result;
}
public function index()
{
$result = $this->multiPDO();
return $this->success('成功', $result);
}
}
连接池代码:
<?php
declare(strict_types=1);
namespace app\bootstrap;
use Amp\Mysql\MysqlConfig;
use Amp\Mysql\MysqlConnectionPool;
use Webman\Bootstrap;
use Workerman\Worker;
class AmpMysqlDb implements Bootstrap
{
/** @var MysqlConnectionPool[] */
private static array $pool = [];
private static string $default = '';
private const ALLOW_OPTIONS = [
'host',
'port',
'user',
'password',
'db',
'charset',
'collate',
'compression',
'local-infile',
'username',
'database'
];
public static function start(?Worker $worker): void
{
$config = config('database', []);
$connections = $config['connections'] ?? [];
if (!$connections) {
return;
}
$default = $config['default'] ?? false;
foreach ($connections as $name => $config) {
if ($config['driver'] == 'mysql') {
if ($name == $default) {
self::$default = $name;
}
$dsn = self::getDsn($config);
$mysqlConfig = MysqlConfig::fromString(trim($dsn));
self::$pool[$name] = new MysqlConnectionPool($mysqlConfig, $config['pool_size'] ?? 10);
}
}
}
public static function getPool(string $connection = ''): MysqlConnectionPool
{
if (empty($connection)) {
if (empty(self::$default)) {
throw new \RuntimeException('Default database connection not configured.');
}
$connection = self::$default;
}
if (!isset(self::$pool[$connection])) {
throw new \InvalidArgumentException("Database connection '{$connection}' not found.");
}
return self::$pool[$connection];
}
/**
* @param array $config
* @return string
*/
protected static function getDsn(array $config): string
{
$dsn = '';
foreach ($config as $key => $value) {
if (in_array($key, static::ALLOW_OPTIONS, true)) {
if (!$value) {
continue;
}
$key = match ($key) {
'username' => 'user',
'database' => 'db',
default => $key
};
$dsn .= "{$key}={$value} ";
}
}
return $dsn;
}
}
上wrk压测接口,
环境:
Workerman[start.php] status
Start worker in DEBUG mode.
---------------------------------------------------GLOBAL STATUS---------------------------------------------------------
Workerman/5.0.0-rc.3 PHP/8.2.23 (Jit on) Linux/5.4.0-200-generic
start time:2024-12-03 17:04:11 run 0 days 0 hours load average: 0.34, 0.25, 0.28
3 workers 3 processes
name event-loop exit_status exit_count
webman revolt 0 0
monitor revolt 0 0
plugin.webman.push.server revolt 0 0
---------------------------------------------------PROCESS STATUS--------------------------------------------------------
pid memory listening name connections send_fail timers total_request qps status
19314 2.52M http://0.0.0.0:8787 webman 0 0 1 0 0 [idle]
19315 2.6M none monitor 0 0 2 0 0 [idle]
19316 2.58M websocket://0.0.0.0:3131 plugin.webman.push.server 0 0 3 0 0 [idle]
---------------------------------------------------PROCESS STATUS--------------------------------------------------------
Summary 7.7M - - 0 0 6 0 0 [Summary]
数据库:随机生成50w条记录的用户表
单进程,接口单次查询数据库的情况下,amp
(454.52 qps)只有 pdo
(2824.80 qps)的七分之一左右
pdo结果:
[root@dev backend-webman]# wrk -c200 -t5 -d3s http://127.0.0.1:8787/admin/system/index
Running 3s test @ http://127.0.0.1:8787/admin/system/index
5 threads and 200 connections
Thread Stats Avg Stdev Max +/- Stdev
Latency 94.22ms 238.98ms 1.98s 92.91%
Req/Sec 0.91k 368.56 1.84k 69.07%
8757 requests in 3.10s, 5.73MB read
Socket errors: connect 0, read 0, write 0, timeout 25
Requests/sec: 2824.80
Transfer/sec: 1.85MB
amp结果:
[root@dev backend-webman]# wrk -c200 -t5 -d3s http://127.0.0.1:8787/admin/system/index
Running 3s test @ http://127.0.0.1:8787/admin/system/index
5 threads and 200 connections
Thread Stats Avg Stdev Max +/- Stdev
Latency 408.22ms 80.73ms 527.62ms 87.97%
Req/Sec 109.36 74.59 326.00 65.42%
1372 requests in 3.02s, 0.90MB read
Requests/sec: 454.52
Transfer/sec: 304.74KB
单进程,接口查询10次数据库的情况下,amp(卡死),pdo(344qps)
pdo结果:
[root@dev backend-webman]# wrk -c200 -t5 -d3s http://127.0.0.1:8787/admin/system/index
Running 3s test @ http://127.0.0.1:8787/admin/system/index
5 threads and 200 connections
Thread Stats Avg Stdev Max +/- Stdev
Latency 119.01ms 179.82ms 1.99s 97.11%
Req/Sec 159.37 62.02 290.00 76.27%
938 requests in 3.01s, 4.65MB read
Socket errors: connect 0, read 0, write 0, timeout 8
Requests/sec: 311.36
Transfer/sec: 1.55MB
amp结果:
root@dev backend-webman]# wrk -c200 -t5 -d3s http://127.0.0.1:8787/admin/system/index
Running 3s test @ http://127.0.0.1:8787/admin/system/index
5 threads and 200 connections
Thread Stats Avg Stdev Max +/- Stdev
Latency 815.46ms 612.26ms 1.78s 58.33%
Req/Sec 4.47 4.85 20.00 82.35%
18 requests in 3.02s, 91.47KB read
Socket errors: connect 0, read 0, write 0, timeout 6
Requests/sec: 5.95
Transfer/sec: 30.25KB
[root@dev backend-webman]# curl http://127.0.0.1:8787/admin/system/index
^C
[root@dev backend-webman]#
卡死了,是连接池耗尽,将mysql最大连接数改成1000,然后又把连接池数量改成900
new MysqlConnectionPool($mysqlConfig, 900);
再次测试amp
结果:
[root@dev backend-webman]# wrk -c200 -t5 -d3s http://127.0.0.1:8787/admin/system/index
Running 3s test @ http://127.0.0.1:8787/admin/system/index
5 threads and 200 connections
Thread Stats Avg Stdev Max +/- Stdev
Latency 572.83ms 400.34ms 1.98s 74.15%
Req/Sec 44.92 23.62 140.00 67.86%
381 requests in 3.01s, 1.89MB read
Socket errors: connect 0, read 0, write 0, timeout 29
Requests/sec: 126.42
Transfer/sec: 642.39KB
测试结果不及预期,这结果感觉没必要上异步查询了,毕竟这还只是单进程下开1000个连接池,多开进程的时候数据库连接数太多反而导致性能降低。
不知道是不是我姿势不对,有没有大佬指点一下?
目前看不管是 amphp/mysql,还是swoole swow协程,cpu跑满的情况下,它们的极限性能都没有多进程pdo阻塞性能高。
amphp/mysql应该是php解析的mysql协议,PHP做协议解析会比c语言消耗很多cpu。所以cpu跑满的情况下,amphp/mysql比阻塞pdo性能差更多。
如果是服务器负载不高的情况下,通过连接池并发查询可以减少多个SQL的总体等待时间,表象就是响应速度会很快。但是实际上这个快可以看作是以消耗更多cpu的代价换来的。当请求量变大,则性能会急剧下降。
如果业务请求量不大,想要提高响应速度,可以尝试 amphp/mysql。但是相比 amphp/mysql ,使用swoole或者swow驱动科效果会更好,前提是你了解使用协程带来的副作用,例如全局变量污染,上下文传递,还有考虑compsoer其他组件兼容问题。
感谢解答,如果要使用swoole或者swow就上hyperf了,就是比较喜欢webman,所以尝试下workerman 5.0用revolt/event-loop。业务请求量不大,想要提高响应速度,可以考虑用在后台管理上,不过既然是后台使用,速度稍微慢点倒也能接受
其实可以写一些工具方法。 在特定的场景里,检测到安装swoole扩展就使用协程。 用起来很方便的。
我认为,正确的方向,应该是,通过 优化SQL 来减少查询时间
是,有时候做统计,需要查询几个表比较慢,这个实验一下能否异步查询减少耗时。不过现在统计基本都丢clickhouse里搞,那个支持异步
做统计,你可以不用全表统计,采用增量统计,就是每次统计不是统计所有的,而是累加的。这样可以减少数据库的消耗